India and Bangladesh share a long history marked by both cooperation and contention. The landmark Land Boundary Agreement of 2015 resolved longstanding enclave issues and helped cement ties through infrastructure, technology, and trade cooperation.
However, recent developments signal heightened strain. Bangladesh’s post‑Hasina interim government has tilted its diplomatic axis toward China, Pakistan, and Western powers, a departure from its earlier India-centric stance. Tensions have flared over border security: India’s fencing and repatriation efforts have drawn Dhaka’s criticism, while Delhi insists these measures address legitimate illegal infiltration concerns.
At the same time, New Delhi has firmly denied allegations from Dhaka that India is permitting anti‑Bangladesh political activity on its soil.
Beyond land, water remains a flashpoint: unresolved disputes over river-sharing such as those involving the Teesta and Ganges continue to overshadow potential cooperation.
Looking ahead, the relationship may hinge on mutual trust-building via border dialogue, water-sharing agreements, and sensitive political engagement. India must recalibrate its approach in diplomatic, infrastructural, and environmental spheres to align with pivoting regional dynamics.
